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Time: when?
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For TIME, we ask "When?"

Time

This means that the following elements do not qualify as TIME: steeds (all the time), even (briefly, for a moment), een uur lang (for an hour). Although they are all related to TIME, they do not refer to a particular point in time. In other words, they do not answer the question "When?" but rather "How long?" or "How frequently?" All 'how-elements' fall under MANNER, a component that we will deal with later.

TIME can occur in a variety of forms:

  • Adverb of time, e.g. toen (then), nu (now), straks (later, in a moment), morgen (tomorrow)
  • Noun, e.g. vorig jaar or verleden jaar (last year), volgende week (next week), komend weekend (coming weekend), aanstaande vrijdag (coming Friday).
  • Expressions that begin with a preposition, e.g. om (at), vanaf (from), rond (around).

Examples

Left Middle Right
FF TIME MANNER PLACE OV
Koos gaat morgen met Ineke naar de film -
Tomorrow, Koos will go (lit: goes) to the movies with Ineke.
Left Middle Right
FF TIME MANNER OV
We hebben vanmiddag een half uur gepauzeerd
This afternoon, we had a break for half an hour.

Note that we do not use the preposition voor (for) in the Dutch translation of 'for half an hour'. We simply say 'half an hour'.

Left Middle Right
FF EHD TIME MANNER MISC OV
Ze hebben er toen nadrukkelijk om gevraagd
Then (at the time), they had asked for it specifically.

In the above example, TIME is preceded by EHD. Vragen om means 'to ask for'. The combination om het (for it) turns into erom. In this sentence, er and om are separated by two other components: TIME and MANNER.

Left Middle Right
FF TIME OV
Het toneelstuk is om kwart over acht begonnen
The play started at a quarter past eight.

A sentence can contain more than one TIME:

Left Middle Right
FF TIME TIME MISC OV
Jullie zijn morgen vanaf drie uur 's middags welkom -
Tomorrow, you are welcome from three o'clock in the afternoon.

Although it is not compulsory, it is best to go from general to specific. In the above example, the general time context is morgen (tomorrow), the more specific one vanaf drie uur 's middags (from three o'clock in the afternoon).


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Last updated on February 19, 2011 ::