Grammatika Olandiza • Summarizing plurals ending in -s and -en

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The table gives the characteristics of nouns take -s in the plural.

Nouns that end in a single vowel	Add an apostrophe to nouns ending in single a, i, o, u, or y . They need an apostrophe to keep their vowels long. Do not add an apostrophe to nouns ending in a single e, as this is a mute e. Exception: adjective-based nouns get -en
Nouns that end in unstressed ee	Double ee is a long vowel, the only one allowed in duplo at the end of a word.
Nouns that end in an unstressed vowel combination	The most common unstressed vowel combination you find at the end of a singular noun is ie . Other unstressed vowel combinations at the end of a noun are quite rare.
Nouns that end in the following unstressed endings	-el, -em, -en, -er, -erd, -aar, -aard, -um
Nouns that end in the following stressed endings	-eur, -foon
Person's titles or professions that end in:	-ier , -oor
Foreign words that also take -s in their language:	The language has borrowed many words from English and French, where the plural is formed by adding -s.
Names of letters and acronyms	Add an apostrophe between the letter/acronym and the -s ending.